Women in Psychedelics: Pioneers, Healers, and Visionaries

20th-Century Visionaries: Early Women of the Psychedelic Movement

The history of psychedelics is often framed by the contributions of men—Albert Hofmann, Timothy Leary, Terence McKenna, and Alexander "Sasha" Shulgin, to name a few. But behind these familiar names are visionary women whose work has been instrumental in shaping the field of psychedelic research, therapy, and indigenous wisdom preservation. From ethnobotanists and chemists to healers and therapists, women have played an essential role in the evolution of psychedelics, contributing scientific rigor, spiritual insight, and cultural preservation.

In this article, we honor six women who have made significant contributions to the psychedelic movement: Kathleen Harrison, Ann Shulgin, Valentina Wasson, Maria Sabina, and two 21st-century pioneers who are leading the way for a new generation.

Maria Sabina: The Mazatec Healer Who Opened the Doors to Psilocybin

Maria Sabina, a Mazatec curandera (healer) from Oaxaca, Mexico, is perhaps the most well-known indigenous woman in psychedelic history. For generations, her people had used Psilocybe mushrooms in healing ceremonies, but Maria Sabina's openness to sharing this knowledge with outsiders changed the course of psychedelic exploration.

In 1955, she led a psilocybin ceremony for R. Gordon Wasson, marking the first documented interaction between indigenous mushroom traditions and Western researchers. This encounter set off a global interest in magic mushrooms, eventually leading to the isolation of psilocybin by Albert Hofmann and the birth of modern psychedelic science.

However, the exposure brought unintended consequences. Outsiders flocked to her village, disrupting the local way of life. Maria Sabina later regretted sharing her knowledge, feeling that the sacred nature of the mushrooms had been commercialized and exploited. Despite this, her influence remains profound—her voice is present in every contemporary discussion about the ethical use of indigenous plant medicines.

Valentina Wasson: The Woman Who Brought Magic Mushrooms to the West

When people discuss the "discovery" of psilocybin mushrooms in the West, Gordon Wasson usually comes up. However, Valentina Pavlovna Wasson, a Russian-born pediatrician and mycologist, first introduced him to mushrooms' cultural and spiritual significance.

A lifelong mushroom enthusiast, Valentina’s passion inspired the couple’s expeditions to Mexico in the 1950s, where they met Mazatec healer Maria Sabina. Valentina's knowledge and writing played a crucial role in documenting their experiences, culminating in the famous Life magazine article "Seeking the Magic Mushroom" in 1957.

Though Gordon often received credit, Valentina’s contributions were pivotal in bringing magic mushrooms into the Western consciousness. Without her influence, the course of psychedelic history might have looked very different.

Amanda Feilding: The Countess of Psychedelic Science

Amanda Feilding, often referred to as the "Countess of Psychedelics," has been one of the most influential advocates for psychedelic research and drug policy reform. As the founder of the Beckley Foundation, she has worked for decades to advance scientific research on substances like LSD, psilocybin, and ayahuasca.

Feilding’s interest in altered states of consciousness dates back to the 1960s, and she has personally explored the effects of LSD, even conducting self-experiments to understand its impact on cognition. Her foundation has collaborated with leading institutions worldwide, funding studies that have demonstrated the potential of psychedelics for mental health treatment.

One of her most notable contributions is her advocacy for the decriminalization of psychedelics and evidence-based drug policy reform. By bridging the gap between science and policy, she has played a critical role in destigmatizing psychedelics and promoting their therapeutic benefits.

Kathleen Harrison: Ethnobotanist and Guardian of Plant Wisdom

Kathleen Harrison, an esteemed ethnobotanist, has spent decades studying the cultural use of psychoactive plants. She is best known for her work in preserving indigenous traditions and her deep knowledge of plant medicine. As the former wife of Terence McKenna, her contributions are often overshadowed, but her research has been vital in expanding our understanding of how different cultures interact with sacred plants.

Harrison co-founded the Ethnobotanical Conservation Organization and later Botanical Dimensions, a nonprofit organization dedicated to documenting and preserving the ethnobotanical knowledge of indigenous peoples. She has spent extensive time with Mazatec shamans and other indigenous healers, advocating for the ethical and respectful study of plant medicines. Her work ensures that traditional knowledge is preserved rather than exploited by Western researchers and psychonauts.

Ann Shulgin: Pioneer of Psychedelic Therapy and Shadow Work

Ann Shulgin, the wife and collaborator of chemist Alexander "Sasha" Shulgin, was a key figure in the development of psychedelic-assisted therapy. While Sasha synthesized hundreds of psychedelic compounds, Ann explored their therapeutic potential. With her background in psychology, she was one of the first to integrate MDMA and 2C-B into psychotherapeutic settings before they were criminalized.

A strong proponent of Jungian psychology, Ann emphasized the importance of "shadow work"—facing and integrating the hidden aspects of one's psyche. She believed psychedelics, when used responsibly, could be powerful tools for self-exploration and healing. Ann co-authored PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved) and TiHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved) with Sasha, which have become foundational texts in psychedelic literature.

Her legacy continues through the work of the Shulgin Research Institute, ensuring that her pioneering vision of psychedelics as therapeutic tools lives on.

21st-Century Pioneers: Women Leading the Psychedelic Renaissance

While these historical figures laid the groundwork, the psychedelic movement continues to evolve, with women leading in areas of research, therapy, and advocacy. Two such modern pioneers are Dr. Rosalind Watts and Bia Labate.

Dr. Rosalind Watts: Innovator in Psychedelic Therapy

Dr. Rosalind Watts, a clinical psychologist, has been at the forefront of psilocybin-assisted therapy. She played a key role in Imperial College London’s groundbreaking psilocybin trials, demonstrating the compound’s potential in treating depression.

Watts advocates for a profoundly human-centered approach to psychedelic therapy, emphasizing integration and community support. She founded the ACER Integration Model, which provides a structured framework for individuals seeking to process and integrate their psychedelic experiences. Her work ensures that psychedelics are not just viewed as pharmaceutical solutions but as part of a broader, holistic healing process.

Bia Labate: Advocate for Indigenous and Ethical Psychedelic Practices

Dr. Beatriz “Bia” Labate is a Brazilian anthropologist, author, and activist dedicated to psychedelic culture, policy, and indigenous rights. As the founder of the Chacruna Institute, she has worked tirelessly to bridge the gap between psychedelic science and indigenous traditions.

Labate’s work challenges the Western-centric narratives that often dominate psychedelic discussions. She promotes ethical considerations in psychedelic research, ensuring that indigenous wisdom is honored and not merely extracted for scientific gain. By advocating for cultural reciprocity, she helps shape a more inclusive and responsible future for psychedelics.

Conclusion: Honoring the Women of Psychedelics

From Maria Sabina’s spiritual healing to Ann Shulgin’s psychotherapeutic insights, the contributions of women in the psychedelic movement have been profound. Today, figures like Kathleen Harrison, Rosalind Watts, and Bia Labate continue to push boundaries, ensuring that psychedelics are used responsibly, ethically, and with deep respect for their cultural origins.

As the psychedelic renaissance unfolds, recognizing these women’s contributions is more important than ever. Their work not only expands scientific understanding but also fosters a more holistic, ethical, and inclusive approach to psychedelics—one that honors both ancient wisdom and modern innovation.